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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*bAlyg face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wounded face="Times New Roman Star"ðàíåíûé face="Times New Roman Star"balyg| (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"balyg| (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"palyg| face="Times New Roman Star"palyg| face="Times New Roman Star"balu face="Times New Roman Star"balyg| face="Times New Roman Star"balyg| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 53, EDT 335, ÝÑÒß 2, 88-89. Turk. > Bur. bala 'bruise, injury'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*burky face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wrinkled face="Times New Roman Star"ñìîðùåííûé face="Times New Roman Star"burqy face="Times New Roman Star"burqy, burqyg| 'wrinkle' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 360.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bilek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wrist, forearm face="Times New Roman Star"çàïÿñòüå, ïðåäïëå÷üå face="Times New Roman Star"bilek (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"bilek (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"bilek face="Times New Roman Star"bele|k face="Times New Roman Star"bilek (Áîð. Áàä. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"bilak face="Times New Roman Star"bila"k face="Times New Roman Star"bila"k face="Times New Roman Star"bilek face="Times New Roman Star"p@lek face="Times New Roman Star"pilek (R , Âåðá. ) face="Times New Roman Star"belek face="Times New Roman Star"belenc?ik, belenn/ik (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"bilek face="Times New Roman Star"bilek face="Times New Roman Star"bilek face="Times New Roman Star"bilek face="Times New Roman Star"bela"k face="Times New Roman Star"bilek face="Times New Roman Star"bilek face="Times New Roman Star"bilek face="Times New Roman Star"bilek face="Times New Roman Star"bilek face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 338-339, VEWT 76, TMN 2, 314, ÝÑÒß 2, 145-146, Äûáî 172-175 (with detailed analysis of phonetic variants and derivatives), Ëåêñèêà 256. Turk. *bilek-ju"r/u"k > *bile(g)r/u"k 'bracelet' (EDT 345, Stachowski 60) > Mong. bilu"c?u"g / bilisu"g / bu"lu"z?|u"g (see Clark 1980 , 41).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kotur/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"yak face="Times New Roman Star"ÿê face="Times New Roman Star"qotuz (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"xotoz face="Times New Roman Star"qutaz (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"qotas (Pav. C. ), qutuz (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"qo.tas face="Times New Roman Star"qotaz face="Times New Roman Star"Gotaz face="Times New Roman Star"Gotaz face="Times New Roman Star"qotos face="Times New Roman Star"qutas face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 608, ÝÑÒß 6, 81-82.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jyl face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"year face="Times New Roman Star"ãîä face="Times New Roman Star"jyl (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jyl (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jyl face="Times New Roman Star"jyl face="Times New Roman Star"jyl (MA ), il (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jil face="Times New Roman Star"jil face="Times New Roman Star"jil face="Times New Roman Star"il face="Times New Roman Star"jyl face="Times New Roman Star"c?il face="Times New Roman Star"c?yl face="Times New Roman Star"d/yl face="Times New Roman Star"syl face="Times New Roman Star"hyl face="Times New Roman Star"c?yl face="Times New Roman Star"c?yl face="Times New Roman Star"z?|yl face="Times New Roman Star"z?yl face="Times New Roman Star"jyl face="Times New Roman Star"jyl face="Times New Roman Star"z?yl face="Times New Roman Star"jyl face="Times New Roman Star"jyl face="Times New Roman Star"z?yl face="Times New Roman Star"jel face="Times New Roman Star"jyl face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 200, EDT 917, ÝÑÒß 4, 275, Ëåêñèêà 70-71, Stachowski 118.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:l/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"young face="Times New Roman Star"ìîëîäîé face="Times New Roman Star"jas? face="Times New Roman Star"je|s? face="Times New Roman Star"jas? (Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jo|s? face="Times New Roman Star"jas? face="Times New Roman Star"jas face="Times New Roman Star"ja:s? face="Times New Roman Star"c?as face="Times New Roman Star"jas?, d/as? face="Times New Roman Star"c?as? face="Times New Roman Star"c?es? face="Times New Roman Star"z?|as? face="Times New Roman Star"z?as face="Times New Roman Star"jas face="Times New Roman Star"z?|as?, z?as?, zas? face="Times New Roman Star"jas?, jes? face="Times New Roman Star"z?as face="Times New Roman Star"jas? face="Times New Roman Star"jas? face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 162, VEWT 192 (one of several *ja:l/ roots; within Turkic hardly distinguishable from *ja:l/ 'green vegetables; green', but historically different).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bod-tak face="Times New Roman Star"young lamb face="Times New Roman Star"1 ÿãíåíîê 2 õîëîñòîé face="Times New Roman Star"bujdak 2 (ba"ti áàðàøåê < Chuv.?) face="Times New Roman Star"bojdag| (R ) 1 ìîëîäîé áàðàí 2 õîëîñòîé face="Times New Roman Star"bo.jdo|q 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bojdaq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"postan|, postug| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bojdon| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"pod'ak, dial. put@ 1, êîçëåíîê **AD face="Times New Roman Star"bottan| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bojdok 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bojdaq 1 (âàëóõ ñòàðøå îäíîãî ãîäà; ÿëîâûé), 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bojdak 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bujzaq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bojdax 2, 'ìîëîäîé ÷åëîâåê' face="Times New Roman Star"bojdaq 1 (âàëóõ ñòàðøå îäíîãî ãîäà), 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bojdaq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"See VEWT 77-8, Ôåäîòîâ 1 455 **AD. Turk. > Kalm. bojd@g (KW 49), Khalkha, Bur. bojtog 'fur boots'. Shor postan| seems to point to *bod-tak, but this is probably a secondary influence of *bod > pos (the roots are different anyway, being distinguished not only by *-j- *-d-, but also by vowel length). **AD Îòêóäà äîëãîòà? Íåò íèêàêèõ îñíîâàíèé. Ñåìàíòèêà ïðîèçâîäÿùåãî *bod| - ðîñò, òåëî, ñàì, îäèíîêèé, õîëîñòîé, ó ïðîèçâîäíîãî - õîëîñòîé, ìîëîäîé áàðàí (â ÷-òè øîð. postan|, postug|, ñàã. postan| 'õîëîñòîé').
face="Times New Roman Star"*jEgit / *jigit face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"young man, brave man face="Times New Roman Star"þíîøà, õðàáðåö face="Times New Roman Star"jigit (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jigit (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jijit face="Times New Roman Star"jeget face="Times New Roman Star"jigit (AH , Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jigit face="Times New Roman Star"jigit face="Times New Roman Star"jigit, jigyt, jygyt face="Times New Roman Star"igit face="Times New Roman Star"jigit face="Times New Roman Star"c?i:t face="Times New Roman Star"c?in|et face="Times New Roman Star"d/i:t face="Times New Roman Star"n/i:t face="Times New Roman Star"z?|igit face="Times New Roman Star"z?igit face="Times New Roman Star"jigit face="Times New Roman Star"jeget face="Times New Roman Star"z?|igit, zigit face="Times New Roman Star"i:t face="Times New Roman Star"igit face="Times New Roman Star"z?igit face="Times New Roman Star"jihit, ix|it face="Times New Roman Star"jigit, igit face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 911, VEWT 203, TMN 4, 185, ÝÑÒß 4, 198-199, Ëåêñèêà 301. Turk. > WMong. jigede, Kalm. je:d@ (KW 218).
face="Times New Roman Star"*enu"k ( ? *u"nek) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"young of a wild animal, puppy face="Times New Roman Star"äåòåíûø äèêîãî æèâîòíîãî, ùåíîê face="Times New Roman Star"enu"k (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"enu"k (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"enik, enz?|ek face="Times New Roman Star"enu"k (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"enu"k (Chag.) face="Times New Roman Star"a"nix (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"u"neges? face="Times New Roman Star"u"neges? face="Times New Roman Star"anz?|úk face="Times New Roman Star"u"nu"ges face="Times New Roman Star"u"nu"ges face="Times New Roman Star"enik face="Times New Roman Star"jenik face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 183, VEWT 44, ÝÑÒß 1, 281-283, Åãîðîâ 29, Stachowski 251.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jabry face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"young of birds and animals face="Times New Roman Star"äåòåíûø ïòèö è æèâîòíûõ face="Times New Roman Star"javru, javry face="Times New Roman Star"javry (Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"s/úw|vúw|r, s/urú face="Times New Roman Star"javru face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 176, ÝÑÒß 4, 53, Ëåêñèêà 168-169, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 140-141, TMN 4, 220.
face="Times New Roman Star"*botu face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"young of camel face="Times New Roman Star"âåðáëþæîíîê face="Times New Roman Star"botu (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"potak (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"buta face="Times New Roman Star"bota 'child; young of animal' (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"bo.ta face="Times New Roman Star"bota face="Times New Roman Star"pota 'young of buffalo, bear' face="Times New Roman Star"boto face="Times New Roman Star"bota face="Times New Roman Star"bota face="Times New Roman Star"buta face="Times New Roman Star"bota face="Times New Roman Star"bota face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 299, ÝÑÒß 2, 198-200, Ëåêñèêà 448 (with an error: the Az. form is listed as Turkm.) ( > MMong. botog|an, KW 53, TMN 2, 328-329, Ùåðáàê 1997 , 109; Oyr. boto:n and Tuva bo'dag|an are probably backloans from Mong.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko":l/ek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"young of camel face="Times New Roman Star"âåðáëþæîíîê face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?ek, go"s?ek (dial.), go"lu"k 'cub' face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?ek (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?ek (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?a"k face="Times New Roman Star"ko":s?ek face="Times New Roman Star" > Hung. ko"lyo"k (see Gombocz 1912 ) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lo"ke|j 'calf' face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?ek (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"kile|j (dial.) 'cub' face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 126-127.
face="Times New Roman Star"*a.nkaj face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"young of ungulates (less than 1-year-old) face="Times New Roman Star"äåòåíûø êîïûòíûõ æèâîòíûõ (äî ãîäà) face="Times New Roman Star"anaj face="Times New Roman Star"yn|a:x 'young of ungulates and bears' face="Times New Roman Star"anaj, Todzh. a'naj face="Times New Roman Star"anhaj face="Times New Roman Star"Ðàññàäèí 154.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ini face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"younger brother face="Times New Roman Star"ìëàäøèé áðàò face="Times New Roman Star"ini (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ini (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ini face="Times New Roman Star"i>ni> face="Times New Roman Star"ini (Áîð. Áàä. , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"ini face="Times New Roman Star"ini face="Times New Roman Star"ini, yny face="Times New Roman Star"ini (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ini face="Times New Roman Star"ini, i:n face="Times New Roman Star"ini, ini: face="Times New Roman Star"ini-bi: face="Times New Roman Star"ini face="Times New Roman Star"i>ni> face="Times New Roman Star"ini face="Times New Roman Star"i>ni> face="Times New Roman Star"ini face="Times New Roman Star"ini face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 170, VEWT 172, TMN 2, 226, ÝÑÒß 1, 362-363, Ëåêñèêà 292, Stachowski 126.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gEnc? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"young, child face="Times New Roman Star"ìîëîäîé, ðåáåíîê face="Times New Roman Star"kenc? (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"kenc? (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"genc?/z?|- face="Times New Roman Star"ga"nz?| face="Times New Roman Star"genc?/z?|- face="Times New Roman Star"genc? face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 727, ÝÑÒß 3, 20-21, VEWT 252 (not < Pers., despite Ra"sa"nen; see TMN 1, 488).
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?yganak face="Times New Roman Star"ìîææåâåëüíèê face="Times New Roman Star"juniper face="Times New Roman Star"s?a:naq face="Times New Roman Star"as?a:naq (Ðàñ. ÔèË 89.) face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|ana(q) 'thorn' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 107.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ije- face="Times New Roman Star"ðîä ÿãîäû face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of berry face="Times New Roman Star"c?ijelek 'strawberry' face="Times New Roman Star"c?ije 'cherry' face="Times New Roman Star"c?ije 'cherry' face="Times New Roman Star"s?ije
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